Technology Kick: Electronics Circuits

How To Make TV Remote Tester

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<b> How To Make TV Remote Tester Circuit</b></div>
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<b>This Is Very Easy Circuit And Very Useful in Home.The Following Are The Components Of This Circuit Given Below</b></div>
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<b>Components:</b></div>
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<b>TSOP 1738 IC </b></div>
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How To Make TV Remote Tester

How To Make TV Remote Tester Circuit This Is Very Easy Circuit And Very Useful in Home.The Following Are The Components Of This Circui...

Using Fuse Tube Light (reuse fuse tube light)

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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLhi1Sfl2El0p4dbQlXSfcdJduFFO50FZTCQjTScmEit46OjDgcqObdF4LWqX0-qViJT_m2-7TFr7guRu1_mVZIdMdldGLVlVQoh7MEpYXdLv74jxz5DWHe-8vuhx3ds5Hqvjznip3dt3v/s1600/Tube+Light.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLhi1Sfl2El0p4dbQlXSfcdJduFFO50FZTCQjTScmEit46OjDgcqObdF4LWqX0-qViJT_m2-7TFr7guRu1_mVZIdMdldGLVlVQoh7MEpYXdLv74jxz5DWHe-8vuhx3ds5Hqvjznip3dt3v/s1600/Tube+Light.jpg" /></a></div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">The circuit illustrated below can RE use your thrown tube light. which usually blinks in normal circuit. A high DC voltage has advantage to glow a a weak florescent tube light. A weak florescent tube gets black at one edge. At black end Positive voltage should be applied and can be marked as anode and other clear end cathode can be marked for Negative voltage or electron will be supplied.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Please see circuit Diagram.For converting AC to DC we have used a Rectifier Circuit. Choke Should be used in series with rectifier circuit for limiting current.Rectified voltage(DC) is applied to both end of the tube.</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; orphans: auto; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;" /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /> </span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcQPwqUaGyrprF8eOUwEAzfDX11c9dFKUNwLoyXyTOg-akfQqyz86Bf52euD-P56BtjegYnSdCcy3bX8wkC7Sj8-fJWOLLy4FuCnHJxD_hyz3NYNDyatMd0OEEzjb0pgSNCg7A7PMbzboi/s1600/tube+light+circuit.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcQPwqUaGyrprF8eOUwEAzfDX11c9dFKUNwLoyXyTOg-akfQqyz86Bf52euD-P56BtjegYnSdCcy3bX8wkC7Sj8-fJWOLLy4FuCnHJxD_hyz3NYNDyatMd0OEEzjb0pgSNCg7A7PMbzboi/s1600/tube+light+circuit.jpg" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><b style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; margin: 0px; orphans: auto; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;">Part List :</b><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; orphans: auto; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Choke or you can use 100W Bulb</span><br style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; color: black; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; orphans: auto; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: center; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Diode -IN4007 or 159 X 4pcs</span> </span>

Using Fuse Tube Light (reuse fuse tube light)

The circuit illustrated below can RE use your thrown tube light. which usually blinks in normal circuit. A high DC voltage has advantage t...

Traffic Lights Circuit

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<span style="background-color: white;">This Traffic Light Circuit can be used to control traffic on roads or in public places.In a Traffic light there are three different color bulb which are Green, Yellow/Amber and Red.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"> This project uses  IC555 as Astable Multivibrator for rapid squire wave pulse generation. This clock pulse is feed to IC 4017 which is a Counter IC. In this counter IC, for every pulse fed to input pin-14, the High level output keeps shifting from D1 to D9 in cyclic order. See Circuit Diagram below.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">At a time one output is higher (Positive) and other output pins of IC remains at low state.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">The capacitor and resistor on pin 15 of IC4017 are used to reset the counter to zero (Red light ON) at initial power up.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><b style="font-weight: bold;">Part Used:</b></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">IC = NE555 ( Timer IC) , IC CD4017 (Counter IC)</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Diode = IN4007  6Pcs</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">POT = 470K</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Resistance = 22K, 100K, 220 Ohms X 3Pcs</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Capacitor = 0.1 Mfd, 1 Mfd, 10 Mfd.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">9 Volt Battery with Snap</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Switch, Wire, Clamp, PCB</span></div>
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Traffic Lights Circuit

This Traffic Light Circuit can be used to control traffic on roads or in public places.In a Traffic light there are three different col...

Robot Circuit

<div style="border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; margin: 0px 0px 0.9em; outline: 0px none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Microprocessor based Project</strong><br />As you know our site is based on Simple Electronics Project Circuit. But to achieve higher performance, (Engineering Level Project) you have to use Microprocessor, which is commonly used now day’s in most electronics gadget. i.e remote control circuit,UPS, TV circuit, Mobile, etc.<br />Advance Project requires a versatile circuit, same can be programmed for different work and can be capable of sensing from surroundings and giving output by using all types of sensors or module available in the market for eg. Remote Sensor, Keyboard, LCD Panel, Ultra sound sensor, RF Data, Sound, Gas Sensor, Memory chip reader/writer, heat sensor, humidity sensor, pressure sensor etc.<br />Among many Microprocessor I found two advance types of Kits which will be best for Hobby Circuit and also can be used in Robot. This easy programmable Microprocessor Kits are PICAXE and ARDUINO which you can use in almost all Electronics Project. Among both arduino is more advance.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">PICAXE Kits PICAXE microcontrollers are exciting, low-cost, re-programmable chips that can be used as low-cost ‘brains’ in many kinds of electronic project.<br />Among different PIC chips, I recommend PICAXE 28×1. PICAXE needs Serial port for programming which can be directly connected to computer on the other hand Arduino supports USB, which is commonly used everywhere.<br /><strong style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">PICAXE</strong><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>is programmed using a simple BASIC language or via the Logicator flowcharting software. Windows Mac and Linux are all supported by the free BASIC software which can be downloaded from www.picaxe.com</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><strong style="border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Arduino Uno</strong><span style="color: black; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>is a new version 2011 microcontroller board based on the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><strong style="border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px none; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">ATmega328</strong><span style="color: black; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">. It comes with 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable and upload the programme after that you can also power it with an adapter or battery. You can also use upgraded verson Arduino leonardo Board.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: black; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><br style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" /><strong style="border: 0px none; color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px none; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">Benefit:</strong><br style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" /><span style="color: black; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">*Contains everything required to support the microcontroller</span><br style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" /><span style="color: black; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">*User friendly USB connection (or can be powered with a AC-DC adapter or a battery)</span><br style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" /><span style="color: black; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">*14 digital input/output pins (6 of these can be utilised as PWM outputs)</span><br style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" /><span style="color: black; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">*6 analog inputs</span><br style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" /><span style="color: black; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">*16 MHz crystal oscillator</span><br style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" /><span style="color: black; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">*USB connection, and power jack for 9V supply</span><br style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" /><span style="color: black; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">*ICSP header</span><br style="color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" /><span style="color: black; display: inline ! important; float: none; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">*Reset button</span> </span></span> </div>

Robot Circuit

Microprocessor based Project As you know our site is based on Simple Electronics Project Circuit. But to achieve higher performance, (Engin...

Burglar Alarm Circuit

<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> The circuit illustrated here is used as  Burglar alarm. LDR is kept at such a place that when thief enters our house then a shadow will fall on the LDR. A small beam of light source is also needed to supply continuous signal to LDR. For best Light source we can use Laser diode which will work for few km. For home use Infra Red LED’s will be good and will be tricky to thief and works with same efficiency at night.</span><br />
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<img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz2G1UqRfx5YvLlrWaMo5I6Sjnt9oxPtKH1eOmq1wv4-gkz7gB7X6jqEHSQQzYBCjAyCnqsdyD8oMatoZTjEbstByS_9tx11JX7d_I_WGo3ZzCrlVKGAzarjDOQ1T3hViBwoa6HQYdF8aX/s1600/burglar+alarm+copy.jpg" />  </div>
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">This circuit uses a popular timer I.C which is 555. I.C 555 is connected as comparator with pin 6 connected with positive supply, the output goes high-1 when the trigger pin 2 is at lower than 1/3 level of the supply voltage, conversely the output goes low-0 when it is above 1/3. So small change in voltage of pin 2 is enough to change the output state of pin 3 from 1 to 0 and 0 to 1. The output has only two states high and low and cannot remain in any intermediate stage. It is power by 9V battery for portable use. The circuit is economical in power consumption. Pin 4,6& 8 is connected to the positive supply and pin 1 is grounded.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">To detect the present robber we have used LDR and a source of light.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">LDR is a special type of resistance whose value depends on the brightness of the light, which is falling on it. It has a resistance of about 1 megaohms when in total darkness, but a resistance of only about 2-5k ohms when brightly illuminated. It responds to a large part of the light spectrum.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">The source of light and LDR is so adjusted with a reflector that light will directly fall on the LDR, but when robber enters inside then it will block the beam of light and LDR will be under darkness.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">We have made a potential divider circuit with LDR and 100 K variable resistance connected in series. Voltage is directly proportional to conductance so more voltage we will get by this divider when LDR is getting light and low voltage in darkness. Sensitiveness can be adjusted by variable resistance. Divided voltage is given to pin 2nd of 555. As soon as LDR gets dark the voltage of the pin 2 drops 1/3 of the supply voltage and pin 3 gets high and Buzzer Beeps.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: black; display: inline; float: none; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: 14.4px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 21.6px; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;">In this Demo we have used ordinary LED.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNfyzetT-RHDTVcAXaEmy9wG5ZO0iO6vAet11EX0nOJUxEdPtJHm2sUWM1HXxv-43X5Ek4q0IGV6-HphkxOfYiAVdMOn_uvrVCqspXB2CqdRmhUq1FJCTp_Ns_3foryXRmaESH19ZDXjZE/s1600/burglar+alarm+circuit.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNfyzetT-RHDTVcAXaEmy9wG5ZO0iO6vAet11EX0nOJUxEdPtJHm2sUWM1HXxv-43X5Ek4q0IGV6-HphkxOfYiAVdMOn_uvrVCqspXB2CqdRmhUq1FJCTp_Ns_3foryXRmaESH19ZDXjZE/s1600/burglar+alarm+circuit.gif" /></a></div>
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LED = Light Emitting Diode<br />
LDR = Light Dependent Resistance<br />
IC = Integrated Circuit</div>
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Components:-<br />
1) 9V battery with snap<br />
2)LDR<br />
3)Variable resistance 100K ohms<br />
4)Resistance 470 ohms<br />
5)LED<br />
6)IC 555<br />
7)Switch</div>

Burglar Alarm Circuit

The circuit illustrated here is used as Burglar alarm. LDR is kept at such a place that when thief enters our house then a shadow will fal...

Electronic Eye Circuit

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<span style="background-color: white;"> <img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzQl0q7ZKPiFNX_xR1B13U9m3leKlkhIn8CVD2z1Zd8A4HHKsiGeKOzqO4IWrvgd91U3B-zFrGEdjH3cZfDRLiIRDRt9waP2rshr4kprtM1B5BU7zhbg7gEwwEAjyy9u00zIhJEh66gMMF/s1600/electronic_eye+copy.jpg" /></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><i style="font-style: italic;"> Electronic Eye Project Picture</i></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">             Electronic eye has much use in this electronic age, also Known as magic eye. It can be used as an automatic guest indicator at the door, if fitted on the bottom of the door entrance. Once it is installed at the door there is no need to install a call bell. It can also be used at homes or in banks as a burglar alarm.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;">Fix the LDR to the wooden door or a locker to be protected in such a manner that when anybody tries to open it, a shadow falls on the LDR and the circuit gets activated and produce a pleasant sound through the buzzer.<br />This electronic eye circuit uses NOT gate from CMOS I.C CD 4049. CD 4049 contains six independent NOT gate in one package; we have used one only. NOT gate output goes high(1) when the input pin 3 is at lower then 1/3rd level of the supply voltage, conversely the output goes low (0) when it is above 1/3rd level. So small change in the voltage of pin-2 is enough to change the level of output (pin-3) from 1 to 0 and 0 to 1. The output has only two states high and low and can not remain in any intermediate stage. It is powered by a 9V battery for portable use. The circuit is economical in power consumption. Pin 1 is connected to the positive supply and pin 8 is grounded.<br />To detect the present of an object we have used LDR and a source of light. LDR is a special type of resistance whose value depends on the brightness of the light that is falling on it. It has resistance of about 1 mega ohm when in total darkness, but a resistance of only about 5k ohms when brightness illuminated. It responds to a large part of light spectrum.<br />We have made a potential divider circuit with LDR and 220 KΩ resistance connected in series. We know that voltage is directly proportional to conductance so more voltage we will get from this divider when LDR is getting light and low voltage in darkness. This divided voltage is given to input of NOT gate.<br />As soon as LDR gets dark the voltage of input not gate drops 1/3rd of the supply voltage and pin 2 gets high and LED or buzzer which is connected to the output gets activated.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"> Advantage of using Logic gate is that data can be easily send to other digital interface device ie one can easily fed data to computer using parallel port or for further processing .</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikyBNZlzEBAuSy8P9Rx6iKbW0gc-ZhOEvv6AciGKQOP_8YCMMiUe_bwOExVuawbVz0At8s2Nt-cUFZaX5iQLOpJvIoN_LENxsB1wc-WU_QXoAhXzQjlaU4Z8Bql1aKum06plmw6pyRt6Fc/s1600/Untitled-1+copy.jpg" /></span></div>
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Electronic Eye Circuit

Electronic Eye Project Picture Electronic eye has much use in this electronic age, also Known as magic eye. It can be...

Electronic Letter Box Circuit

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The circuit illustrated below is used as an electronic letter box. When letter is put inside, a LED glows which indicates the presence.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyCVlA9t0c6WverFy5aPGXW0jsZnsoVHe3M7LEaVpiIMa3qygy0wHfLjel76FG9U0Kr0ONsqGTMOYGL1iL-Jfv5Ivl2Ob40queUwz7YadeN8keAkF0ULMBT5QuktfAX7Wz-mppXkz3FZbA/s1600/electronic_letter_box.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyCVlA9t0c6WverFy5aPGXW0jsZnsoVHe3M7LEaVpiIMa3qygy0wHfLjel76FG9U0Kr0ONsqGTMOYGL1iL-Jfv5Ivl2Ob40queUwz7YadeN8keAkF0ULMBT5QuktfAX7Wz-mppXkz3FZbA/s1600/electronic_letter_box.jpg" /></a></div>
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<br />This circuit uses a popular timer I.C which is 555. I.C 555 is connected as comparator with pin 6 connected with positive supply, the output goes high-1 when the trigger pin 2 is at lower than 1/3 level of the supply voltage. Conversely the output goes low-0 , when it is above 1/3 level. So small change in the voltage of pin 2 is enough to change the output of pin 3 from 1 to 0 and 0 to 1. The output has only two states high and low and can not remain in any intermediate stage. It is power by 9V battery for portable use. The circuit is economic in power consumption. Pin 4,6&8 is connected to the positive supply and pin 1 is grounded.</div>
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         To detect the present of letter we have used LDR and a source of light. LDR is a special type of resistance whose value depends on the brightness of the light which is falling on it. It has a resistance of about 1 megaohms when in total darkness, but a resistance of only about 2-5 k ohms when brightly illuminated. It responds to a large part of the light spectrum.<br />The source of light and LDR is so adjusted in the letter box that light will directly fall on the LDR but when letter is kept inside then it will block the beam of light and LDR will be under darkness.<br />We have made a potential divider circuit with LDR and 100 K variable resistance<br />connected in series. Voltage is directly proportional to conductance so more voltage we will get by this divider when LDR is getting light and low voltage in darkness. Divided voltage is given to pin 2nd of 555. As soon as LDR gets dark the voltage of the pin 2 drops 1/3 of the supply voltage and pin 3 gets high and LED glows.</div>
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              We can also use two LED at output pin 3, for present LED 1 and for absent LED 2. For this method one LED is connected as forward bias and other is connected as reverse bias to indicate both high and low conditions. To limit the current of LED resistance is used in series.<br />For source light, use Red or White LED. For LED 2 and 3 you can use any other color- green, red, yellow or blue.</div>
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<em style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 14.4px; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><b style="line-height: 1.5;">Circuit Diagram of Electronic Letter Box</b></em></div>

Electronic Letter Box Circuit

The circuit illustrated below is used as an electronic letter box. When letter is put inside, a LED glows which indicates the presence. ...

Automatic Fan Controller Circuit

Automatic Fan Controller Circuit

Working: this project uses IC LM35 as a sensor for detecting accurate centigrade temperature. Output voltage of this sensor is linearly pro...

Touch Switch Circuit

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<strong style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;">THEAFS ARE ATTRACTED TO EXPENSIVE THINGS WHEN THEY COME IN OUR HOUSES. WE CAN PROTECT OUR PRODUCT OR THING BY MAKING THEM TOUCH PROOF OR WE CAN STOP ANY UNIDENTIFIED PERSONS ENTRY IN OUR HOUSE BY MAKING DOOR AND WINDOW TOUCH PROOF.THIS CIRCUIT ALERT US WHEN ANY THEAF COME TO STOLE PRODUCTS FROM OUR HOUSE OR TOUCH ANY METALLIC THING AT DOOR / WINDOW OR IN SIDE . WE CAN USE THIS CERCUIT TO PROTECT OUR CAR OR BIKE BY MAKING THEM TOUCH PROOF.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />AS WE HAVE DISCRIBE ABOVE THIS PRODUCT GIVE ALARM WHEN ANY HUMAN BODY TOUCH ANY OF THE METTALIC THING WHICH ARE PROTECTED BY THIS CIRCUIT. THIS PROJECT IS WORKING ON TWO TRANSISTORS<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />WHICH MAKE COMPLIMENTORY PAIR DIRECT COUPLED AMPLIFIER. THIS CIRCUIT BASICALLY A AUDIO OSILATOR FOR OSILATION WE USE COLLECTOR OF TRANSISTOR BC558 WHICH IS CONNECTED TO THE BASE OF TRANSISTOR BC 548 VIA RESISTANCE 18 K .01 or .02 MFD CAPACITOR . TRANSISTOR BC-548 IS WORKING AS A PREAMPLIFIER.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />WHEN ANY HUMAN BODY TOUCH THE TOUCH SENSOR WHICH IS CONNECTED TO BASE OF TRANSISTOR BC-548. THIS TRANSISTOR CONDUCT WITH HUMAN SKIN CONDUCTANCE . WHEN TRANSISTOR BC-548 START CONDUCTING IT’S FORCED TO TRANSISTOR BC558 TO START CONDUCTING . SO WE GET ALARM SOUND FROM SPEAKER. WHEN WE TAKE BACK OUR HAND THEN DOES NOT CONNECTED TO BASE OF TRANSISTOR BC-548 . SO IT’S DOES NOT CONDUCT WE DO NOT GET THE ALARM SOUND.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Same Circuit can be use as Touch Alarm, Rain Alarm etc</strong></h5>
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Touch Switch Circuit

THEAFS ARE ATTRACTED TO EXPENSIVE THINGS WHEN THEY COME IN OUR HOUSES. WE CAN PROTECT OUR PRODUCT OR THING BY MAKING THEM TOUCH PROOF OR WE...

Fire Alarm Circuit

Fire Alarm Circuit

Here is a simple circuit which can be used as a Fire Alarm. 3 Volt is enough to operate this project. There is not much to the circuit. The...

Rain Alarm Circuit

Rain Alarm Circuit

Here is an interesting electronics project to detect if there is raining or not. Same circuit can also be used as water level indicator or ...

Automatic Street Light Circuit

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<strong style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box;">An introduction:<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Needs no manual operation for switching ON and OFF. When there is a need of light it automatically switches ON. When darkness rises to a certain level then sensor circuit gets activated and switches ON and when there is other source of light i.e. daytime, the street light gets OFF.  The sensitiveness of the street light can also be adjusted. In our project we have used four L.E.D as a symbol of street lamp, but for high power switching one can connect Relay (electromagnetic switch) at the output of pin 3 of I.C 555 that will make easy to turn ON/OFF any electrical appliances that are connected through relay</strong></h5>
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<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Principle :<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />This circuit uses a popular timer I.C 555. I.C 555 is connected as comparator with pin-6 connected with positive rail, the output goes high(1) when the trigger pin 2 is at lower then 1/3rd level of the supply voltage. Conversely the output goes low (0) when it is above 1/3rd level. So small change in the voltage of pin-2 is enough to change the level of output (pin-3) from 1 to 0 and 0 to 1. The output has only two states high and low and can not remain in any intermediate stage. It is powered by a 6V battery for portable use. The circuit is economic in power consumption. Pin 4, 6 and 8 is connected to the positive supply and pin 1 is grounded. To detect the present of an object we have used LDR and a source of light.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />LDR is a special type of resistance whose value depends on the brightness of the light which is falling on it. It has resistance of about 1 mega ohm when in total darkness, but a resistance of only about 5k ohms when brightness illuminated. It responds to a large part of light spectrum. We have made a potential divider circuit with LDR and 100K variable resistance connected in series. We know that voltage is directly proportional to conductance so more voltage we will get from this divider when LDR is getting light and low voltage in darkness. This divided voltage is given to pin 2 of IC 555. Variable resistance is so adjusted that it crosses potential of 1/3rd in brightness and fall below 1/3rd in darkness.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Sensitiveness can be adjusted by this variable resistance. As soon as LDR gets dark the voltage of pin 2 drops 1/3rd of the supply voltage and pin 3 gets high and LED or buzzer which is connected to the output gets activated.</strong></strong></h5>
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<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">9v Battery with strip<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Switch<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />L.D.R (Light Depending Resistance)<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />I.C NE555 with Base<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />L.E.D (Light Emitting Diode) 3 to 6 pieces.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Variable Resistance of 47 KΩ<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />P.C.B (Printed Circuit Board of 555 or Vero board.</strong></strong></h5>
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<strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">COMPONENTS :<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />a) Battery: For 9v power supply we can use 6pcs dry cell or 6F22 9v single piece battery.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />b)Switch:Any general purpose switch can be used. Switch is used as circuit breaker.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />c) L.D.R: (Light Depending Resistance)<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />it is a special type of resistance whose value depends on the brightness of light which is falling on it. It has resistance of about 1mega ohm when in total darkness, but a resistance of only about 5k ohms when brightness illuminated. It responds to a large part of light spectrum.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />d) L.E.D: (Light Emitting Diode)<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />A diode is a component that only allows electricity to flow one way. It can be thought as a sort of one way street for electrons. Because of this characteristic, diode are used to transform or rectify AC voltage into a DC voltage. Diodes have two connections, an anode and a cathode. The cathode is the end on the schematic with the point of the triangle pointing towards a line. In other words, the triangle points toward that cathode. The anode is, of course, the opposite end. Current flows from the anode to the cathode.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Light emitting diodes, or LEDs, differ from regular diodes in that when a voltage is applied, they emit light. This light can be red (most common), green, yellow, orange, blue (not very common), or infa red. LEDs are used as indicators, transmitters, etc. Most likely, a LED will never burn out like a regular lamp will and requires many times less current. Because LEDs act like regular diodes and will form a short if connected between + and -, a current limiting resistor is used to prevent that very thing. LEDs may or may not be drawn with the circle surrounding them.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />e) Variable resistance: (Potentiometer)<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Resistors are one of the most common electronic components. A resistor is a device that limits, or resists current. The current limiting ability or resistance is measured in ohms, represented by the Greek symbol Omega. Variable resistors (also called potentiometers or just “pots”) are resistors that have a variable resistance. You adjust the resistance by turning a shaft. This shaft moves a wiper across the actual resistor element. By changing the amounts of resistor between the wiper connection and the connection (s) to the resistor element, you can change the resistance. You will often see the resistance of resistors written with K (kilohms) after the number value. This means that there are that many thousands of ohms. For example, 1K is 1000 ohm,2K is 2000 ohm, 3.3K is 3300 ohm, etc. You may also see the suffix M (mega ohms). This simply means million. Resistors are also rated by their power handling capability. This is the amount of heat the resistor can take before it is destroyed. The power capability is measured in W (watts) Common wattages for variable<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />resistors are 1/8W, 1/4W, 1/2W and 1W. Anything of a higher wattage is referred to as a rheostat<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />f) PCB (Printed Circuit Board)<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />with the help of P.C.B it is easy to assemble circuit with neat and clean end products. P.C.B is made of Bakelite with surface pasted with copper track-layout. For each components leg, hole is made.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Connection pin is passed through the hole and is soldered.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />WORKING:<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />When light falls on the LDR then its resistance decreases which results in increase of the voltage at pin 2 of the IC 555. IC 555 has got comparator inbuilt, which compares between the input voltage from pin2 and 1/3rd of the power supply voltage. When input falls below 1/3rd then output is set high otherwise it is set low. Since in<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />brightness, input voltage rises so we<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />obtain no positive voltage at output of pin 3 to drive relay or LED, besides in poor light condition we get output to energize.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />Precautions:<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />a) Use a Sensitive LDR. You can test it using a multimeter.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />b) I.C should not be heated too much while soldering, excess heat can destroy it. For safety and easy to replace, use of I.C base is suggested. While placing the I.C pin no 1 should be made sure at right hole.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />c) Opposite polarity of battery can destroy I.C so please check the polarity before switching ON the circuit. One should use diode in series with switch for safety since diode allows flowing current in one direction only.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />d) L.E.D glows in forward bias only so incorrect polarity of L.E.D will not glow. Out put voltage of our project is 7.3 volt therefore 4 LED in series can be easily used with out resistance.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />e) Each component should be soldered neat and clean. We should check for any dry soldered.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" />f) LDR should be so adjusted that it should not get light from streetlight itself.</strong></h5>
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Automatic Street Light Circuit

An introduction: Needs no manual operation for switching ON and OFF. When there is a need of light it automatically switches ON. When darkn...